BIW10103 Fundamentals of Web Technology (Lab #1: INTRODUCTION TO THE WEB TECHNOLOGY)

BIW10103 Fundamentals of Web Technology (Lab#1: INTRODUCTION TO THE WEB TECHNOLOGY)

CINDY BEH XIN YI AI200259

Nowadays, human all over the world can say that all of us cannot live without web. Why? It is because web is a lifeline which already connect us all over the world. All of us can contact each other although we are far apart. So, there are many of web pages but none of them existed 20 years ago.

    Do you know what is the first web page? When is the first web page introduced? Who created web? Now I will bring you go more details in the history of Web Technology.

    Here comes the history of the FIRST web page. The FIRST web page introduced on August 6, 1991 with the address http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html. This web page was made by Tim Berners- Lee. This web page was also dedicated to information on the World Wide Web project. It ran on a NeXT computer , one of Steve Jobs' early product at the European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN. In this website, it mostly explained more about hypertext and also outlined how to create Web pages. Hypertext is text which contains links to other texts. The picture show how the first website looked like in 1992.


    The FIRST person who created the FIRST website is Sir Tim Berners-Lee. Sir Tim Berners-Lee is a British computer scientist. He was born in London. Sir Tim Berners-Lee’s parents were early computer scientists, working on one of the earliest computers. Sir Tim Berners-Lee became software engineer at CERN after graduate from Oxford University. Sir Tim was first interested in trains and even had a model railway in his bedroom when he growing up. He also had made some electronic gadgets to control the trains. But he after that getting more interested in electronics than trains. He made a computer out of an old television when he was in college.

    So what led him to create a web? This happened when he working in CERN. When scientists come from all over the world to use its accelerators, he noticed they have difficulty sharing information to each other. In March 1989, Sir Tim laid out his vision for what would become the web in a document called "Information Management: A Proposal". At first, his initial proposal was not immediately accepted. In fact, his boss at the time, Mike Sendall, saw the words "Vague but exciting" on the top of the cover. The web was never an official CERN project but Mike let Sir Tim time to work on it in September 1990. So, he began his work using NeXT computer.

    By October 1990, Sir Tim had written three fundamental technologies that remain the foundation of today's web which you may have seen on parts of web browser. They are HTML (HyperText Markup Language) which is language for the web, URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) which is a kind of "address" that is unique and used for identifying each resource on web and also called URL, and the last one is HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) which allows for retrieval of linked resources from across the web.

    The FIRST web page editor/ browser is WorldWideWeb.app and the FIRST web server is httpd. These also wrote by Sir Tim. By the end of 1990, the first web page was served on the open internet. In 1991, people outside of CERN were invited to join this new web community. So here can see that this was the first use of the web.

    The FIRST web page editor/ browser is WorldWideWeb browser. It was written in 1990 and it was the only way to see the web. After that WorldWideWeb renamed as Nexus in order to save confusion between program and the abstract information space. Now, WorldWideWeb is spelled World Wide Web which with the spaces. Sir Tim wrote the program using NeXT computer. This had advantage that there were some great tools available which means it was a great computing environment in general. Sir Tim able to done in a couple of months with the help of NeXT computer what the project would take more like a year on other platforms. He said a lot of it was done for him already when he using NeXT computer. 

    Now is for the FIRST web server which is httpd. This httpd was originally developed using NeXT computer running NeXTSTEP. Httpd version 0.1 was released in June 1991. But for this httpd now discontinued and was later taken over by World Wide Consortium (W3C) with the last release being version 3.0A of 15 July 1996. From 1996 onwards, W3C focused on the development of the Java-based Jigsaw server.

    In conclusion, the First web page was created by Sir Tim Berners-Lee in 1991. The First ever web server is httpd which taken over by World Wide Consortium (W3C). Besides, the First web browser was called WorldWideWeb but after that renamed World Wide Web. So, from here you get know why there is web in this wolrd. Thanks Sir Tim Berners-Lee for building this web so that all over the world can keep contact and know each other.

References:
  1. Alyson Shontell. "FLASHBACK :This Is What The First-Ever Website Looked Like". INSIDER, Jun 30,2011. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/flashback-this-is-what-the-first-website-ever-looked-like-2011-6#:~:text=The%20first%20web%20page%20went,%2FWWW%2FTheProject.html.
  2. "History of the Web". In World Wide Web Foundation. Retrieved from https://webfoundation.org/about/vision/history-of-the-web/
  3. "What is HyperText". Retrieved from https://www.w3.org/WhatIs.html#:~:text=Hypertext%20is%20text%20which%20contains,video%20and%20sound%20%2C%20for%20example.
  4. "The WorldWideWeb browser". In W3 organization. Retrieved from https://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/WorldWideWeb.html#:~:text=The%20first%20web%20browser%20%2D%20or,World%20Wide%20Web%20with%20spaces).
  5. "CERN httpd". In Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERN_httpd

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